This concise review of Ramkrishna Bhattacharya’s Studies on the Cārvāka/Lokāyata highlights its crucial role in reconstructing ancient Indian materialism. By analyzing rare fragments and Perso-Arabic sources, Bhattacharya disproves charges of unbridled hedonism, clarifies Cārvāka epistemology regarding inference, and restores a lost tradition of rationalism, skepticism, and rigorous debate.